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Meteorology. Climatology --- Mexico

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Meteorology --- Belgium --- Meteorology. Climatology --- Meteorology.

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Meteorology. Climatology --- Géophysique --- Geophysics --- Belgium --- Periodicals --- #TS:WAAR --- #ANTIL0301 --- Meteorologie. Klimatologie

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Reconstruction of the climate variability of the past 500 years is a topic of great scientific interest not only in global terms, but also at regional and local levels. This period is interesting on account of the increasing influence of anthropogenic forcing and its overlap with natural factors. The Polish Climate in the European Context: An Historical Overview summarises the results of research into climate variability based on a combination of instrumental, documentary, dendrochronological and borehole data from Poland. The first part of the book provides a Central European perspective of research in these fields, which forms the general background for a presentation of the state of the art of climatic change studies in Poland during the past 500 years (Part 2). This is followed by a selection of papers dealing mainly with different aspects of climate variability in Poland and Central Europe (Part 3). "This book is a valuable tool integrating Polish, Central and Eastern European climate research into the global context. It is, as such, a must for climate researchers worldwide." Gaston Demarée, Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium "This volume marks a significant step forward in our understanding of European climatic history." Christian Pfister, University of Bern

Meteorology. Climatology --- Geology. Earth sciences --- Physical geography --- Geography --- klimatologie --- geografie --- geologie --- fysische geografie --- aarde (astronomie) --- klimaatverandering

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Climate can be defined as an ensemble of many weather phenomena. Clima­ tologists often use the mean (conventionally the monthly and annual mean) of weather-related parameters to describe climate. The mean value, however, is not all the climate. Climatic changes might occur if certain aspects of the distribution of extreme values change, while the mean does not. Katz and Brown (1992), for example, show from a theoretical viewpoint that in a changing climate, extreme values are determined more by changes in variability than changes in the mean. Possible changes in extreme event frequency receive considerable attention along with the global warming, because extremes directly impact human society and the economy. For most societally sensitive extremes and related changes in their vari­ ability, an analysis based on daily data becomes necessary. This paper considers two aspects (relative and absolute values) of extreme temperatures on a daily basis. We do not consider spells of extreme days, periods which will likely have greater socio-economic and health impacts (Kalkstein et al., 1996; Wagner, 1999), than individual extreme days.

Meteorology. Climatology --- Atmospheric pressure --- Atmospheric temperature --- Climatic changes --- Observations --- History --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Meteorology & Climatology --- Atmospheric sciences. --- History. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- History, general. --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Atmospheric sciences --- Earth sciences --- Atmosphere --- Atmospheric temperature - Europe - Observations - History --- Atmospheric pressure - Europe - Observations - History --- Climatic changes - Europe - Observations - History